The reality is, when a database needs to scale to millions or even billions of records with non-standard query patterns, PostgreSQL might become inefficient, especially if it’s dealing with unstructured data or real-time analytics.

PostgreSQL, MySQL, and MongoDB are general-purpose databases, but they are not designed to handle every use case optimally.

This trend is evident in the rise of databases like Redis for caching, Milvus for vector-based searches, and InfluxDB for time-series analysis.These aren’t “hype” solutions but practical tools for increasingly complex workloads.